Forestry
Operations now in Progress
There's lots of signs up at the moment
temporarily restricting access to parts of the Forest while felling
and thinning work goes on. As ever this sort of thing can really worry
regular Forest users, especially as comparatively little information
is given on site.
Karen Guest from Forest Entrerprise,
has done a great job explaining what's going on. Karen is Project Manager
for Alice Holt and is both looking after the recreational aspects of
the Forest, and starting work on a new Forest Design Plan: the basic
"Blueprint" of how Alice Holt will be managed in future years.
Karen is of the newer school of Forestry Commission officers, who believes
in managing the Forest as a multi-demnsional whole and in the context
of the surrounding area. Formerly the outlook was too often of the Forest
in isolation as a block of land from which maximum timber production
was to be squeezed, irrespective of other concerns. Karen and her boss
David Williamson now implement a much more enlightened policy framework
which balances the demands of the timber industry with leisure, recreation,
education, wildlife and all the myriad other aspects of managing a unique
woodland in the busy and crowded South East where pressures on open
space inevitably compete.
Karen explains what's going on: "Most
of the conifer trees in these areas will be thinned, including the pine
that is suffering from red band needle blight. An area of Norway spruce
that was due to be felled last year but was postponed owing to poor
weather will be felled in accordance with the existing forest design
plan. This area is situated below the arboretum. A second clearfell
area will be worked in the centre of Lodge Inclosure beside the large
fenced area of young Douglas fir. During these operations, the forester
will take the opportunity to remove any overhanging vegetation from
paths and tracks. After this work has been completed, we plan to employ
a hardwood team in the early autumn to thin the young (50-80 years old)
broadleaves throughout the block that were last thinned 10 years ago."


LEFT: Current
areas of felling & thinning.The shaded area shows the current operations,
mainly in the Lodge Inclosure, but with thinning extending down to the
Goose Green and Abbott's Wood inclosures around Frith End too
RIGHT: Here Forest
Enterprise have protected the path from becoming a mudbath by laying
metal mats for the machines getting in to extract two huge windblown
oaks near Kennels Pond
Further down the page you'll read how
all this fits in with a new approach ,not just to managing Alice Holt
as a whole, but specifically to timber production. As each coniferous
block is clear felled it won't necessarily be simply replanted with
more rows of pines or firs. Much will be allowed to regenerate naturally
with native species, forming a fantastic mosaic of wildlife habitats.
Although the timber will be of far less value, it is hoped that in the
future a market for low grade wood for fuel develops (either for burning
in power stations, or for fermentation into wood alcohol as a petrol
substitute) this type of regenerated broadleaved woodland may be economic
to harvest. Or at least it will prove to be no more unprofitable than
planted conifers where, on average over the long term the Forestry Commission
has historically lost money on every ton of timber sold.
Also: fair play to Forest Enterprise,
some of the more regularly walked paths have been protected (at some
expense) by laying metal matting to prevent heavy machinary from turning
the ground into a "Battle of the Somme" style mudbath. This
should surely be welcomed.
So please don't fret unduly when you
see vast machinary slicing great chunks of Alice Holt down. It's all
part of the healthy manangement of this varied woodland and will benefit
both the visual appearance and wildlife value of the Forest before too
long!
[Back
to Top]
Plans to restore
the Old Arboretum get underway. Public Walk around the site on 2nd September
Richard Jinks of the Forestry Commission
has been using his super-dooper GPS system to tag, record and digitally
map every individual tree in the area of the Lodge Inclosure known as
the Old Arboretum. With climate change happening, forest researchers
are keen to understand how different species of tree are reacting to
new environmental conditions. So these old collections of mature , exotic
trees are incredibly valuable .
It's also widely felt that the area,
which contains many beautiful specimen trees could be improved aesthetically
and access to the more neglected and tangled areas upgraded by more
active management. Richard has been working on ideas for a management
plan for this part of Alice Holt . Kindly Richard has agreed to lead
a walk around the site on Tuesday 2nd September at 5.30pm
to show members of the public what sylvian riches lie hidden and what
the area's potential is.
All are very welcome to attend to find
out more, and with a view to getting the Community actively involved
in the restoration project.
This is a great idea. And what a welcome
turnaround from the old days of "We know best"!
Richard and Mr Williamson of Forest
Enterprise South East are certainly making genuine efforts to restore
the links between the Forest and the people who use it. So it would
be great to see some enthusiastic public interest at this meeting. David
Williamson commented "It is my hope that the rehabilitation
of the Alice Holt Arboretum will form the basis of a joint project between
the local community and the Forestry Commission and I am looking forward
to the arboretum being restored to it's former glory."
Meet in the car park off Gravel Hill Road in
time for the walk to get underway at 5.30pm. Wear suitable footwear.


Left: Part of
the Old Arboretum, which the Forestry Authorities hope to restore to
its former glory, both for its beauty, and as an important Reearch resource.
Right: one of
the Foresters' Tags appearing on specimen trees in the Arboretum as
they are recorded and mapped in the current survey.
[Back
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A Bright Future
for our Forest
Forest Enterprise, in a welcome
drive to improve public understanding held a meeting back in October
with local representatives to outline their vision of how the management
of Alice Holt Forest will evolve over the coming years.
Stung a little by the furore that erupted
over the Campsite application earlier this year, and all too aware that
a certain level of mistrust exists between local residents and the Forestry
authorities, FE's South Eastern Regional Director, Mr David Williamson
and his colleagues recently hosted a meeting of local groups to discuss
the future of the Forest. The Alice Holt Action Group's Chairman Colin
Hall and www.aliceholt.org editor Patrick Butler were joined by representatives
of Dockenfield, Bentley and Binsted parish councils, local landowners
and East Hampshire District Councillor Ken Carter.
here's the Herald's report
on the meeting

There was a follow up on 13th
December. Here are a few of the highlights:
Preliminary results from the consultation
survey undertaken about the Visitor Centre highlight that there
are two main groups of people: those who come as destination visitors
to Alice Holt and those who live nearby and use the Forest more "informally".
The consultation was not considered to be exhaustive ,but it points
towards going for higher quality and more varied facilities at the Vsitor
Centre, not large-scale expansion. FE agrees that a) the "footprint"
of the total Visitor Centre area will remain the same, with no expansion
although a few barbecues will be provided in some existing clearings
nearby. Within the main facility, there will be a rationalisation
of the car park layout, so that the same space can accommodate
up to 150 more cars, rather than expanding. But if that sounds a lot,
FE is keen to fix a target limit on the number of visitors
considered optimum, rather than planning to put ever more "bums
on seats". To this end FE will get involved in the various forums
to help plan for the growth in housing at Bordon as
the Army vacates land for development, thereby seeking to ensure that
the access and leisure needs of this growing population is accommodated
in the surrounding countryside as a whole, not over-concentrated on
Alice Holt.
Work will start soon on upgrading
the loos and their overloaded sewage system . The Cafe
will be improved too. And for disabled or younger visitors,
who find the main walks too challenging, there will be a new
circular route capable of taking walkers, cyclists, wheelchairs
etc.
The Foresters have already started
recording the trees in the Old Arboretum area, using
a sophisticated new GPS system to map each individual specimen. This
work should be complete by summer and a new Management Plan for this
important resource will be forthcoming.(see above)
Kennels
Pond (At the "crossroads" on the Bentley to Alice
Holt Lodge path) is an area FE will look into. It was fenced to prevent
the invasive Tasmanian Stonecrop waterweed Crassula helmsii from
spreading on dogs' fur . Now the fence is partly broken down and FE
will consider whether it should be re-fenced or if the weed problem
is now over and the pond can once again be opened for public access
NOTE (11th August 2008)
Sadly the infestation of Tasmanian Stonecrop (aka Australian Swampweed)
has not gone away. The Foresters are looking into a suitably non-harmful
herbicide which might be suitable to use in this situation but it's
probably more a question of control than elimination of this rapidly
spreading antipodean interloper. Until further notice the pond is off
limits to dogs, fishermen etc and the fencing has been repaired. The
pond's had a bit of a cleaning out too and is brim full following two
wet years.

Kennels Pond
in the Lodge Inclosure
Report from the First Meeting
at Which Forest Enterprise Laid Out their Vision for the Future Management
of Alice Holt
The Forest is now entering a period
of quite extensive thinning and clear-felling. FE acknowledged that
the arrival of machinary, the grading of forest tracks etc can alarm
some forest users.Whilst understandably nervous of committing their
already overstretched staff to endless rounds of public consultation
& communication (They have no offical "PR" budget!), Mr
Williamson did take the point that more public notice and better on-site
explanatory materials would dispell many of the worries people feel
when they see felling work starting. Hopefully they will make use of
the willingness of parish magazines, newsletters, Parish Meetings and
of course this website to give better pre-information about major
forestry operations and to explain the background and context of the
work they do.


With major felling
& thinning going on in the Lodge & Holt Pound Enclosures, more
informative notices explaining the reasons
for management work would be welcome
There was plenty of good news
at the meeting.
Good news #1 Mr Williamson
accepted that the application for the Seasonal Campsite in the Lodge
Enclosure had been something of a public relations disaster, that the
application itself was flawed and that, in retrospect the scheme was
an inappropriate usage of that part of the Forest. He was emphatic that
the campsite scheme is now dead and buried and will NOT be revived.
Good News #2 FE's
South East region, which is unique in the Forestry Commission in having
a large proportion of its estate made up by Ancient Woodland sites (Rather
than huge conifer plantations as in much of the North and West) has
been in the vanguard of policy in working towards the gradual conversion
of conifers to native broadleaved species. Today Alice Holt is approximately
50% broadleaves, 50% conifers. As the conifer crops mature,
the majority will be felled and converted to native deciduous woodland,
such that by 2050 the Forest will be around 80% broadleaf, and only
20% conifers.
Good News #3 FE's
preferred method of converting to broadleaves is NOT to plant regimented
lines of young oaks. Whilst there will be some planting, conversion
will mainly happen by allowing natural regeneration to take its course,
aided by leaving such broadleaved specimens as exist among todays Corsican
Pines, European Larches and Western Red Cedars. There will be some natural
regrowth of conifers from seed , but one only has to look at existing
clearfelled sites to see how quickly our native "pioneer"
species such as birch, willow, hazel, ash and rowan can take over a
former conifer plantation. Due consideration will be given to maintaining
champion and other specimen conifers which are valuable as much from
an aesthetic viewpoint as for economic or conservation reasons


LEFT: Monolithic
blocks of Corsican Pine are now being clear felled in Holt Pound Enclosure.
It looks drastic in the short term. But natural regrowth RIGHT in the
Lodge Enclosure has quickly created a varied and valuable wildlife habitat
Good News #4 It's
true there's concern that ever-rising population in the South East,
plus Government pressure on FE to hit policy targets for recreation
provision will mean vistor numbers will go steadily upwards. However
FE recognises that Alice Holt cannot and should not drift inexorably
from "Forest to Theme Park". Further leisure-related
facilities such as toilets, car parking, etc will be kept within the
footprint of the existing Dockenfield Visitor Centre. The emphasis
will be on upgrading and re-arranging the existing facilities to make
most efficient use of the space on the site. No further developments
of the scale of "Go Ape" are planned and FE wants to encourage
a more even spread of visitors accross the seasons and days of the week,
managing the peaks and troughs more effectively for example by charging
different parking fees at weekends. Elsewhere in the Forest there are
no plans for new toilets, car parks etc although FE may attempt to upgrade
some of the trails ,encouraging visitors to venture further into the
heart of the Forest from the main Dockenfield access point. FE acknowledges
that Alice Holt ultimately has limits on what contribution it can make
to the provision of countryside access and Mr Williamson's team hopes
to work with its DEFRA masters to ensure that recreational planning
is done in an integrated way accross the whole Forrestry Commission
estate and hopefully also in conjunction with other bodies who control
large tracts of green space, such as the Army. You can have your say
about the future of the Visitor Centre...see the article on the
home page.
Good News #5 FE is
looking seriously at restoration of the Old Arboretum.
Whilst there are some paradoxical questions to sort out (such as how
removing native scrub to encourage exotic specimen trees squares with
the Ancient Woodland character of the site) FE's colleagues from the
Research arm of the Commission are planning a detailed inventory of
the Arboretum's trees with a view to creating an new management plan
for this valuable, but neglected resource.
Good News #6 A new
Forest Design Statement is planned. This is the document which
"captures" these policies and illustrates how they will be
put into practice on the ground year by year, section by section. It
will be around two years before the new plans are ready but it's a very
open and transparent process; there will be full consultation with both
stakeholders and the public at large. In the meantime the existing plans
have been slightly modified in order to allow the accelerated conversion
from conifers to broadleaves desibed in #2 above.Also the new Design
Statemnt will not just take Alice Holt in isolation, but will be planned
in a more integrated way, taking Alice Holt as part of a "landscape"
level region, in conjunction with other woodlands in neigbouring areas
of the Western Weald.
Good News#7 In the
past the Forestry Commission (which is of course answerable to the Treasury)
was under permanent pressure to maximise the economic return of its
timber growing operations above all other considerations. Incredibly,
factors such as conservation were allowed to "interfere" with
maximising forestry output only to the tune of perhaps allowing a shortfall
of 5% compared to the maximum expected return on investment. Now the
logic has been reversed. FE decides how its properties should be best
managed, balancing site-by site its four main objectives of conserving
the environment, promoting the "people benefits" of forests
via recreation, education etc, making an economic return and securing
a sustainable future for forests. Only having decided how best to manage
a forest to acheive the best balance of these four objectives, does
FE then make hard commitments about the amount of timber it intends
to produce from that Forest. It has to stick to these commitments in
order to provide a degree of planned security for the sawmills, paper
industry etc which all rely on predictable wood supplies. But the cart
is no longer before the horse. Timber output is set to suit
the best interests of the Forest. The management of the Forest
no longer revolves around hitting maximum timber output targets.

Timber output
quotas are now set at levels that are right for the Forest
So overall there are lots of
positive trends coming from the Forest authorities nationally and specifically
here in Alice Holt. Any downsides or words of warning?
On the whole not. Of
course one as to remember that many of these fundamental policy shifts
from the bad old days of "Maximum conifer productionn at any cost"
are relatively recent, and doubtless not everyone in the FC is a deeply
commited to this conversion as the team at Alice Holt. Plus governments
and policies change a lot faster than trees grow, so there can
never be a guarantee that U-turns won't happen.We only need
to see what's happening in agriculture, where the benefits of years
of "set aside" policy which has taken some of the pressure
off our endangered farmland wildlife now risks being thrown away overnight
due to short term rises in food prices. We need to remain vigilant and
express our views when we don't like the way things are going.
Two possible concerns seem
to me to exist....
Risk#1 By FE's own
admission the process of natural regeneration from clear-feeled conifers
to natural broadleaves will create a lot of economically marginal
woodland. Whereas the Forestry Commission has a wealth of expertise
in managing and utilising intensive conifer plantations, it has precious
little experience of how best to work with a tangled scrub of birch
and willow. Hopefully the demands of the emerging bio-fuel sector will
provide an economic underpinning for this policy and the existing stocks
of growing oak at Alice Holt will keep the books balanced for a good
while yet. But if the finances don't add up in the eyes of shortsighted
treasury officials, it could re-introduce pressure for more revenue,
whether from old-style intensive timber growing of from even worse alternatives
such as major land divestments or housing and leisure development.
Ten year old
dense regrowth of native species (Birch, willow,ash and hazel) on a
site clearfelled of conifers. Great for wildlife but will it pay the
bills for Forest Enterprise in the future?
Risk#2 The other risk
lies in the way in which FE interprets and balances the often contradictory
policy imperatives of conservation of the environment and landscape
versus catering to ever-increasing demands for leisure usage.
If Governements want to interpret encouraging use of our open spaces
purely in terms of "more bums on seats" then there will clearly
be further damage to the character, quality and sense of place in this
Ancient Royal Forest. One can only hope that enlightenment prevails
and FE is not expected to simply pack more and more car-based visitors
into what could become an ever more bland and dreary "Country Park"
experience. The key seems to be in managing Alice Holt not in isolation,
but as one, unique and valuable place in the context of many other green
spaces which are (or could be made) publically accessible. FE needs
to work with local authorities, the Army, private landowners, conservation
bodies and the future South Downs National Park authorities and not
take an unfair share of the pressure to provide mass recreation in this
part of the crowded South East. In order to preserve a valuable experience
for people (as well as wildlife) often "less is more".
There was a follow up meeting
on December 13th...there will be a report on this page soon.
Mowing
and Grading of Rides
[Back to Top]
It's a shame FE decided to mow and
grade such a large proportion of the rides in the Lodge enclosure in
one "blitz". Make no mistake: the verges do
have to be mown, in fact it's really beneficial for the diversity of
the flora. These strips of "meadow" are full of interesting
wild flowers in a varied matrix of grasses, sedges and rushes. As such
, they are far more species-rich than a typical plot of lush, chemically
treated agricultural grassland would be. The varied flora supports an
upward food chain of butterflies, moths, grasshoppers and myriad other
insects & invertebrates and the rides therefore are important habitats
for toads, lizards , small mammals and so on. They compliment the trees
as part of the ecological patchwork that makes up Alice Holt. Mowing
keeps them from becoming too rank ,which would be bad for many of the
more interesting species.
And they do have to be graded too to
prevent the heavy mchinary turning them into quagmires. The result is
none too pleasing, aesthetically. But that's only temporary and nature
is already softening the newly scraped and bulldozed verges as plants
spring up from the bank of seeds and roots. As with mowing : ground
disturbance of this kind can benefit wild flowers in the long run
.
Graded rides:not
a pretty site. They soon re-grow, but the timing of work could be improved.
The only problem is doing
it all in one go and so early in the summer, when a great
many flowers were just coming out and have not yet set seed.
It should also be acknowledged that
the mowers did make an effort not to mow over the common spotted orchids
which have become an increasing feature. In the ten years or so I've
been walking in the Lodge, i've seen the original tiny patch of these
delightful flowers spread and this year there were over 40 flowering
spikes quite widely distributed along the main ride. A couple of the
main clumps were saved but unfortunately most of the isolated flowers
were destroyed, which is a pity as single orchids one year tend to form
the nucleus of a patch which spready steadily but slowly in future years.
It's a double pity as the previous re-tarmacing of the main path up
from Bentley Station had already wiped out the entire stock of orchids
that had slowly spread up from the "butterfly meadow" at the
bottom of the hill.
FE sent me an extensive and carefully
thought through response which is to be welcomed. FE were at pains to
point out that they do take conservation of the rides seriously (Some
of the best apparently have individual management plans) They stressed
that mowing and scraping are ultimately beneficial for the vegetation,
which I fully accept. But the essence of their response, regarding the
large area that was done in one hit and the poor timing of the work
they was argued mainly from the point of view of their own convenience.
It had to be done in a tight time window to fit in with the major thinning
and before the winter set in. This is not altogether convincing. I doubt
delaying the work a bit would have made much practical difference to
the ease of the operation after such a wet summer. And whilst the mowing
has to be done first to prevent the grader clogging: why mow weeks before
the grading, rather than leaving the mowing work as long as possible,
giving the orchids in particular a chance to set seed? Especially if
the available time window to do the work was so limited? If mowing had
been done just before grading, it would have meant another month for
the plants to drop their seeds..which would have made a significant
difference.
Also FE's argue that, because rides
are wider now than formerly, there is a buffer are of verge between
the road and the forest edge which escapes scraping ,thus lessening
the impact on the micro environment: in many cases that's sadly not
true.
It's not our intention
to use every opportunity to knock FE. But this does seem one instance
where slightly better planning could have
lead to a much better conservation outcome ,without interfering with
the important business of harvesting timber, and with no extra cost.
My personal opinion is "Six out of ten: some effort noted, could
do more!"
Note: since this article
was written, more rides have been mown: congratulations to FE for this
time mowing the rides on a higher setting to clear the rough vegetation
without scraping or destroying the turf
Another Note (8th Aug 2008)
The Orchids did bloom again this year, although both their number and
the distribution of the clumps was greatly reduced from last year, and
many of the other interesting plants such as Wood Sage and Centaury
are much thinner on the ground than last year. But no permanenet damage
seems to have been done by this sorry episode